My takeaway from this thread, and something all non-EU pilgrims should understand, is that if you need health care while on Camino you should expect to pay for all but the most minor treatment.
Also, pilgrims coming from outside the EU can prepare for this by purchasing travel insurance from Allianz or one of the other providers of travelers health insurance. Just Google "travel medical insurance."
Personally, I always buy travelers insurance from the airline when I buy the air ticket. This would provide for medical evacuation back home as well as cover for serious illness. Viewed against the cost of your Camino, this is pocket change, and money very well spent IMHO.
However, and because I traveled internationally for my entire 30-year professional career, I took pains while employed, to obtain primary (now secondary) health insurance that could be used out of the US. I hold Blue Cross - Blue Shield (BC/BS) medical insurance obtained in a group arrangement originally through my employer, and now continued in retirement. It is not cheap. But it IS comprehensive.
This coverage became secondary to my US mandated Medicare medical insurance cover for 'senior' citizens. When I turned 65 last year, I was mandatorily placed into this government health insurance program for 'seniors' program. My previously primary insurance cover (BC-BS) became the secondary provider.
The good news is that, with stacked coverages like this, I never see a bill or co-pay. One or the other provider pays for everything. Of course, this is not cheap. But, as one ages, costs and frequencies do increase. So, this is a wise investment IMHO. I regard health insurance as one of my monthly mandatory costs, just like my mortgage and utility payments. Maintaining ME is my primary directive...
The bad news is that Medicare is not available, even by reimbursement for medical services received, outside the US. The good news is that my BC /BS secondary cover is usable and reverts to being primary coverage when I am out of the US.
Through their international partnerships, BC /BS have a website one can go to to find a hospital or medical professional that 'accepts' this foreign coverage. By way of example, at Santiago, the University Medical Center is listed as the 'go to' hospital.
There is a saying among women of a certain generation that goes, "...one can never be too thin or too rich..." I add to that... "or have too much health insurance coverage..."
Hope this helps the dialog.