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The Black Virgins: the Veneration, the Iconography and the Sanctuaries in Europe
In Italy - Oropa and Crea
This convention deals with the veneration of the black Virgins in Europe and it is organised by the Centro di Documentazione dei Sacri Monti, Calvari e Complessi devozionali europei (Centre for Documentation of European Sacred Mountains, Calvaries and devotional complexes) and by the Riserva Naturale Speciale del Sacro Monte di Oropa in cooperation with the Università Cattolica
del Sacro Cuore of Milan, the Sanctuary of Oropa and the Sanctuary of Crea.
In Piedmont there are two black Madonnas, one in Oropa and the other in Crea; other examples in Italy can be found in Loreto and Varese, but there is plenty of this kind of holy images all over Europe. Black Madonnas have been at the centre of studies for years: their colour is in fact an enigma, an exception in medieval iconography, where the colour black was traditionally connected to evil. Scholars advance different hypotheses: some of them maintain that these statues have blackened with smoke of candles that have been burning in front of them for centuries or because they have miraculously survived fire; some others maintain that they could be dealing with the ancient veneration of the Mother Goddess, which could have exactly converged in the veneration of the Black Virgins of Christian faith.
Apart from their origin, the Black Madonnas are a unique example of cultural, historical and religious heritage which can contribute to unite European peoples in diversity, a quotation from the slogan of the European Union and a concept ecumenism.