In (general) order of increasing price and amenity:
Gite d'etape (sometimes gite municipal): operated by the town or by the local Amis St Jacques organization of volunteers; sleeping dorm. May have private rooms. May have kitchen privileges. May have communal dinner. May have communal breakfast. Generally located in center of downtown.
Private gite: privately operated. Smaller sleeping dorm. Generally has some private rooms. Generally offers demi-pension with communal dinner and breakfast. Since kitchen is used for communal meals, genrally not available for kitchen privileges. Generally located away from center of town (can be hard to find, be sure to check directions to/from CSJ). Lots of engagement with the owners and other walkers.
Auberge: Country inn (someone check my French! Is this the right term?) Private rooms, with or without private WC. Typically rustic setting. Usually has a dining room and may offer demi-pension. No cooking facilities. Little engagement with owners or other walkers.
Chambre d'hote: "Bed and Breakfast" as interpreted in the US, in a private home. Section generally separated from the owner's part of the house. Very nicely decorated and nice facilities; target audience is vacationers rather than pilgrims (but pilgrims are welcome). Breakfast generally offered but not dinner. Engagement with other lodgers tends to depend on whether they are pilgrims and how well you speak French.
Hotel: Larger facility, with more rooms. All rooms private, may include private WC. Restaurant generally on premises, breakfast may be included with room.
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